AP Biology Summer Assignment 2020-21

Overview: This Summer Assignment should be approached as three weeks of work. The optimum time to complete this

assignment is the last three weeks before class starts; that way the material is fresh in your mind when school starts. I

suggest doing one assignment a day starting 3 weeks before school starts. Each assignment might take one to four hours

to complete.

We will start where the summer assignment leaves off to complete the first unit: biochemistry in class. The first unit test

will cover chapters 1-3. For your summer assignment you will take notes on a total of 11 Youtube lectures, read and take

notes on 4 book sections, make one concept map, sign the AP Biology Contract, Complete “Questions all AP Biology

Students Should Know BEFORE They Begin the Course” and compose a letter of introduction email. All assignments are

due the 1st day of class. The unit vocabulary quiz will be on words taken from the directed reading vocabulary.

Purchase a new composition notebook and begin your work on the fourth page (counting both sides). Clearly title each

portion of the assignments. Write the answers to your directed reading questions and all your lecture notes in the

notebook. The lecture notes should contain all of the main ideas and as much detail as possible. Most, if not all, of the

content in these videos will be on both our class test and the AP test. If your answers are too brief you will loose points.

All Youtube lectures can be found on this website: http://www.bozemanscience.com/ap-biology/

Continued on next page

6 Assignments:

Assignment 1: (Chapter 1)

1. The 4 Big Ideas: Read pages: 2-8 answer the directed reading question “DRQ” that corresponds to these

page numbers. (see DRQ list below)

2. Watch & take Cornell notes on Bozeman Lecture Videos:

“Biology” (under the heading “Supplemental AP Biology Resources”) and “Essential Characteristic of

Life”

Make a concept map of the connections between and key components of the 4 “big ideas”. It can be a tree

map or bubble map – be creative and think of as many ways the concepts interact as you can. Be prepared

to share it with the class.

Assignment 2: (Chapter 1)

Scientific practices: Read pages 9-14 & do DRQs.

Watch the following 7 Bozeman lectures and answer question sheets (included below):

AP Biology Practices:

1 - Models & Representation

2 - Using Mathematics

3 - Scientific Questioning

4 - Data Collection Strategies

5 - Analysis & Evaluation of Evidence

6 - Scientific Explanations & Theories

7 - Scales, Concepts & Representations

Assignment 3: (Chapter 2)

Nature of molecules and properties of water: Read pages: 18-30 & do DRQ

Watch & take Cornell notes on Bozeman: “Water- a polar molecule”

Assignment 4: (Chapter 3)

Introduction to carbon compounds: Read pages: 33-37 & do DRQ

Watch Bozeman video & take Cornell notes on: “Biological Molecules”

Assignment 5:

Letter of Introduction email

Assignment 6:

Review “Questions Every AP Bio student should know BEFORE beginning AP Biology. Answer each of the

questions completely.

Contract:

Read and sign AP Biology Contract

DRQ: Directed Reading Questions (Assignments 1-4)

Write your answers in your notebook. Be sure to read the “learning outcomes” and quiz yourself to

make sure you know each one.

Chapter 1: After reading pages: 2-8:

Define the following terms:

Evolution, natural selection, artificial selection, biochemical pathway, feedback mechanisms

Answer the following questions

1. What are the 4 “big ideas”?

2. Where does “Darwin’s great achievement” lie?

3. Contrast geometric and arithmetic progression.

4. Answer the “data analysis” and “inquiry question” on page 4. (see figure 1.4)

5. Explain three things that Darwin did or read about that where key to the development of his

theory of evolution via natural selection.

6. What 5 pieces of evidence have been used to support Darwin’s theory? Explain how each one

does so.

7. Answer inquiry question on page 5. (see figure 1.6)

8. Describe a pathway of energy moving through living things.

9. Name 2 ways matter is recycled in living systems (small and large).

10. What does it mean to maintain homeostasis and what are some ways that organisms do it?

11. What molecule is the basis of inheritance?

12. Name 2 ways information is shared among cells in a multicellular organism.

13. Name and describe 3 different ‘systems’.

14. Why is diversity important?

Chapter 1: After reading pages: 9-14:

Define the following terms:

Deductive reasoning, inductive reasoning, emergent properties

Answer the following questions

1. What are the 7 scientific practices? Why is each important? When have you used each one in

the past or think you will use each in this class?

2. Look at figure 1.8 and describe when each practice would best fit into the process (you can

answer this question as a diagram.)

3. What definition of theory will be used in this class?

4. What are the 3 domains of life? Briefly describe each.

5. What are the 4 main kingdoms of Eukarya? Briefly describe each.

6. Using figure 1.11 create your own diagram of the levels of organization illustrated.

7. When did life on earth begin?

8. Why are there evolutionary conserved characteristics?

9. What are the 7 characteristics that are shared by living things? Describe each. Is there

anything else you would add to the list?

Chapter 2: After reading pgs 18-30:

Define the following terms:

Atomic mass, Atomic number, Isotope, Ion, Valence electron, Molecule, Compound, Ionic bond,

Covalent bond, Catalyst, Electronegativity, polar molecule, nonpolar molecule, hydrogen bond,

specific heat, cohesion, adhesion, capillary action, pH, buffer

Answer the following questions:

1. Draw and label the parts of an atom.

2. Explain how energy is stored and changed in an atom.

3. Describe what happens in both oxidation and reduction reactions in terms of energy and

electrons.

4. What is the octet rule and why is it important?

5. Why do atoms bond?

6. What holds ionic bonds together?

7. Why are covalent bonds formed and what makes covalent molecules stable?

8. What determines the strength of a covalent bond?

9. Explain what a chemical reaction is using the terms “ reactants” and “products”

10. How do the following impact chemical reactions: temperature, molecular concentration, and

catalysts.

11. Draw and label the parts of a water molecule showing where the electrons are.

12. Make your own table like 2.3 but explain each property in your own words and give your own

example of how it is beneficial to life.

13. Why does water have a high specific heat and why is that important?

14. How does water act as a solvent?

15. How does water organize nonpolar molecules?

16. Write the equation for the ionization of water.

17. Explain the logarithmic nature of the pH scale (and the ions involved).

18. Contrast acids and bases.

1. Explain figures 2.16 and 2.17.

2. Why is the reaction of CO

and H

O important to life?

Chapter 3: After reading pgs 33-37:

Define the following terms:

Hydrocarbon, functional group, macromolecule, polymer, monomer

Answer the following questions:

1. Why is carbon important to life?

2. What 6 element make up most biological molecules?

3. Why are functional groups important? Give 2 examples.

4. Make your own table like 3.1 that includes the 4 categories of macromolecules, their

subunits and function.

5. Explain the relationship of hydrolysis and dehydration synthesis and their roles in the

cell. (Study hint: Break these words down by their Latin roots –this will help you

remember which is which.)

Bozeman Lecture Videos (Assignment 2)

Directions: Watch the seven short videos based on the AP Biology Practices found at

http://www.bozemanscience.com/ap-biology/ and complete the questions/tasks below.

AP Bio Practice 1 - Models & Representation (12:23)

1. How do models aid scientist in their understanding of concepts?

2. What was Watson and Crick’s model?

3. List the 4 “Big Ideas” that AP Biology is centered around.

4. Give another example of a scientific model not mentioned in the video. Which of the four big ideas does it

relate to?

5. Pause the video at 4:39. Graph the data (before and after).

Going Further

● What is a histone protein?

● What are primary and secondary structures of proteins?

AP Bio Practice 2 - Using Mathematics (9:27)

1. List several field of study which includes the use of math.

2. Throughout this school year (and very likely on the AP test) we will use Chi Square and Hardy Weinberg

Equilibrium. List these two equations.

Hardy Weinberg:

Chi square:

3. Pause the video at 4:19 and answer the following question:

Coloration in the peppered moth is caused by a single allele. The allele for dark colored moths is dominant (D).

What was the approximate frequency of the light allele (d) from 1840 and 1900?

4. How do you calculate growth rate from a graph?

5. How could you determine the concentration of any sample vegetable using laboratory investigation?

Going Further

● What kind of calculator are you allowed to use on the AP Exam?

AP Bio Practice 3 - Scientific Questioning (9:13)

Underlying Theme: “How do We Know What We Know”

1. A good question guides both further ________________and further ___________________.

2. Formulate a thought/research-provoking question based on what you already know about biology.

3. List the four “Big Ideas” that serve as the basis for AP Biology.

4. The AP exam will ask you to evaluate scientific questions. What methods could you use to do this?

5. How does the process of asking a good question lead to further, in-depth research? (Consider what you

have learned about the scientific method)

6. What was the purpose of Stanley Miller’s historical experiment?

7. What is Mr. Anderson’s explanation for why the algae did not expand in population?

8. Why do we need to formulate good scientific questions?

AP Bio Practice 4 - Data Collection Strategies (8:33)

1. What steps are needed before an experiment can be conducted?

2. How can you ensure your experiment is conducted under “controlled conditions?”

2. What areas of data collection are you likely to be asked questions on the AP exam?

3. Pause the video at 5:11. Design a hypothesis to explain the data related to the Kangaroo rat.

♦ (Was your hypothesis written in a “If .. then.. statement”?)

4. List four things to address when designing an experiment for a free response questions.

Going Further

● Recall: What is the Independent Variable?

○ .. and the Dependent Variable?

● Why is it important to repeat experiments over and over?

AP Bio Practice 5 - Analysis & Evaluation of Evidence (6:48)

1. What type of data did Charles David Keeling collect?

2. What is the first thing you want to do with given data set?

3. How will graphs help organize data?

4. What type of questions will the College Board likely ask you for each of the four Big Ideas?

Evolution:

Free energy:

Information:

Systems:

5. What three areas can you expect the College Board to draw questions from?

6. What happens in the sucrose lab, and which category of study does it fall under?

7. What is an example of an AP-type question you could be asked related to Big Idea III: Information?

8. Explain what is meant by “structure meets function”.

● Give an example of this being true.

9. How can you use data in every-day life?

AP Bio Practice 6 - Scientific Explanations & Theories (7:59)

1. What is Natural Selection and who developed the concept?

2. How does Natural Selection relate to the Galapagos Finches?

3. How are theories formed?

4. Pause the video at 3:15: Which of the statement most directly supports the claim that different organisms

use different metabolic strategies to meet their energy requirements for growth, reproduction, and

homeostasis?

5. Pause the video at 3:53: Which plates have only ampicillin resistant bacteria growing on them?

How do you know?

6. State Mendel’s 2 laws of inheritance and explain the meaning of each.

7. Which of the 2 inheritance patterns that are listed do not follow Mendelian inheritance? How does it

deviate?

8. Define and give an example of each of the following terms.

a. Genetic drift:

b. Migration:

c. Artificial selection:

9. How do we know the example presented 6 minutes into the video is a Sex-Linked recessive trait?

AP Bio Practice 7 - Scales, Concepts & Representations (7:24)

1. Science Practice 7 says “The student is able to connect and relate knowledge across various scales,

concepts and representations in and across domains.” What is meant by this?

♦ Why is it important?

2. Give an example (other than Mr Anderson’s) in which you compare a really small non-complex concept

with a huge complex one.

3. Mr. Anderson talks about connecting domains and gives examples how we use these domains in Biology.

Give another example for each of the following categories:

Thermodynamics:

Chemistry:

Biochemistry:

4. Define: Temporal Scale:

5. Define: Spatial Scale:

6. Pause the video at 5:45 - The endocrine systems incorporates feedback mechanisms that maintain

homeostasis. Which of the choices demonstrates negative feedback by the endocrine system?

7. Mr. Anderson explains the Wiki Game. Try to play it yourself by getting from Cattle to National Park to

Flowering Plant to Crocodilia. FOLLOW THE RULES! It took me 23 steps. Can you do it better?

a) How many steps did you need? __________

b) Was it hard to get there? Describe your procedure.

LETTER OF INTRODUCTION (Assignment 5)

Welcome to AP Biology!

We are going to spend a lot of time together next year, so it’s best if we get a head start on learning a bit about you.

Also we will use the Internet a lot next year for this course, so let’s get you used to communicating with me via e-mail.

Your first digital assignment is to successfully send an email to me about you.

Due date: Friday, August 14

at 12:00am

Draft an email to me following these rules:

1. Use clearly written, full sentences. Do not abbreviate words like you are Texting with a friend. Use spell check!

This is a professional communication like you would have with a college professor.

2. My email: ecoon@sonomaschools.org

3. Make the Subject: “AP Bio: Introduction to <Insert Your Name Here>” (Do not include the quote marks or

the brackets, just the words)

4. Begin the e-mail with a formal salutation, like “Miss Hanna,”

5. Now introduce yourself (your name) and tell me a little bit about yourself, like:

What do you like to do (hobbies, sports, music, interests, etc.)?, Do you have a job?, Tell me a little bit about

what is important to you- friends, family, pets, etc., What do your parents do for a living?, Was there anything

that you liked about your earlier biology class?, What was the last book you read for fun?, How do you learn

(hands on, visual, verbal)?, What are you looking forward to the most in AP Biology?, What are you most anxious

about in AP Biology? You do not have to address all of these questions, just giving you some ideas.

Assignment 6:

Questions that every AP Biology student should be able to answer

BEFORE their first day of class. Answer in your Composition Notebook

Modified from Mr. Monden, Arcadia High School

Don’t forget: it would be wise to go through these yourself and find the answers. Why yourself? Anyone who gives you

answers to these areas will end up hurting your learning process. If you have questions, please email Mr. Coon at

ecoon@sonomaschools.org Please use http://www.bozemanscience.com/ to help you.

The Nature of Life/Biochemistry

Chapter 1

1. What is the Scientific Procedure?

2. What is a controlled experiment? What does this allow scientists to test?

3. In science, what is a hypothesis? A theory? A law?

Chapters 2-3

1. What are the four major macromolecule groups? What are the examples of each?

2. What property of water prevents Earth from becoming a frozen planet?

(Supplemental Chemistry)

Can you do these?

Balancing Equations

1. Why is it significant to not change the subscript of a molecule?

2. Balance CH

+ O

-> CO

+ H

3. What is the only number that can be altered?

Molecule Conversion

1. 1 mole= ________ molecules?

2. Convert 0.200 molecules of H

into grams, then into moles.

3. Convert 102.8g of water into molecules.

Physical/Chemical Changes

1. List 5 physical changes.

2. What is water vapor?

3. What are five signs of chemical change?

Acids/Bases and pH

1. Hydrogen bond is between which two atoms located where. Does it need to be an oxygen?

2. What is a solution with a pH lower than 7 called? What are two things that this means?

3. Something with a pH of 6.7 has what concentration of hydroxide ions? (tough question here.)

Cell Biology

Chapters 4-11

Chapters 4-5

1. Describe the differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.

2. List all the major organelles found in a typical cell and define what roll each serves.

3. What is diffusion and how does it work in regards to transport across a cell membrane?

4. What are the differences between active and passive transport?

Chapter 6

1. What is an enzyme?

2. What do enzymes do?

3. How do enzymes work? Why are enzymes important?

4. What factors affect the rate of enzymes?

Chapter 7

1. What type of reaction is cellular respiration and why?

2. What are the steps of cellular respiration and where does each of them take place?

3. During the ETC, where are H

ions pumped into?

Chapter 8

1. What are the two parts of photosynthesis and where do they take place?

2. During which part of photosynthesis is the sugar glucose produced?

3. How does CO

enter the plant?

Chapter 10-11

1. What is cell specialization?

2. What are the stages, in order, of mitosis? What are the stages, in order, of meiosis?

3. Describe the differences between oogenesis and spermatogenesis.

Mendelian Genetics, Molecular Biology, and Biotechnology

Chapters 12-17

Chapter 12

1. What does the Principal of Dominance state? What does the Principle of Independent Assortment state?

2. If you cross a homozygous tall pea plant with a short one, what is the probability that an F

plant will be tall?

What if you cross a heterozygous tall pea plant with a short one? What if you cross two heterozygous tall pea

plants?

3. What is crossing over? When does crossing over typically occur?

Chapter 13

1. What is replication? Transcription? Translation? How are these terms related to each other? What happens during

these processes?

2. Why is it possible to have multiple codons code for the same amino acid?

3. What is a mutation? What are the different types of mutations that can occur?

4. What is the difference between mRNA and preRNA?

5. Colored in boxes represent the trait of Autism. What does the pedigree tell us about Autism? Is it recessive or

dominant? How do you know?

6. What is the probability that the bottom 2 people (4 and 5) have a child with the trait?

7. Is the trait X-linked, Y-linked, autosomal or mitochondrial? How do you know?

Chapter 14

1. What are the base pairs in DNA?

2. What is a DNA Replication Fork?

3. What is the leading strand and lagging strand?

Chapter 17

1. What is DNA Electrophoresis and how does it work?

2. What are two specific uses of a DNA Fingerprint?

3. What is a restriction enzyme and how does it work?

4. What is Genetic Engineering and what are 3 modern everyday uses of it?

5. What is a Vector and how do they work?

6. What is Gene Therapy?

Human Physiology

Subtopic: Nervous System, Immune System

Chapter 43

1. Organize the following into a flowchart or mindmap using connective words: Central Peripheral Autonomic,

Reflex, Motor, Sensory, Parasympathetic, Sympathetic, Flight Fight or Freeze Response.

2. What are the four major parts of the central nervous system? What are they responsible for?

Chapter 51

1. There are three lines of defense for the Human Immune System; List and describe the purpose of each.

Evolution

Chapters 20-23

Chapter 20

1. What is adaptive radiation and how is it related to evolution?

2. What are the 5 factors that can cause evolution? How are they different if they cause genetic equilibrium?

3. What are the different types of isolation that can occur in populations? How do they work?

4. What is genetic drift? What are two types of genetic drift? What types of populations are more susceptible to

genetic drift?

Chapter 21

1. What is the Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection?

2. What does the phrase ‘survival of the fittest’ mean?

3. Define and relate the following terms: Fitness, Adaptation, Evolution, & Gene Pool.

4. What does the fossil record show?

5. Why isn’t the fossil record complete?

6. How do scientists determine which organisms the fossils come from?

7. What are the evidences for evolution?

Ecology

Chapters 54-57

1. Can minor changes in a food web cause huge repercussions for an ecosystem?

2. How do the biotic and abiotic factors of an ecosystem interact for energy flow?

3. What are the Cycles of Matter and how do they effect the health of an ecosystem?

4. What is species diversity?

5. Since there is a predator-prey relationship between the wolves and the elk, what will gradually happen as the

carrying capacity is attained?

6. What does biodiversity do to the ecosystem?

7. What is one of the most famous examples of symbiosis?

8. When do feedback loops fail to work on an ecosystem?

9. What is a population made of?

10. What is a keystone species?

AP Biology Contract

AP Biology presents a fantastic opportunity to vastly expand your knowledge of the biological sciences, to hone

your laboratory techniques and writing, and to develop skills, habits, and knowledge that will prepare you for success at

the University level and beyond. The following is a contract that defines your responsibilities pertaining to this course.

Violation of this contract, as measured by poor performance within the first semester, will result in your participation in

a conference to determine your future within this course.

I, ___________________________ (print name), understand that AP Biology is an elective class taught at an

accelerated pace and advanced level of instruction. The class requires me to study outside of the classroom an average

of one to two hours per day and possibly more for tests. I will be responsible for reading the corresponding chapters

from our textbook outside of class. There will be frequent quizzes over material to assure that I am being responsible

and keeping up with the pace. I will need to complete projects outside of classroom time and do homework assignments

that I will not have time in class to do. I realize that there will be homework over holiday breaks and will complete those

to the best of my ability. I will be self-motivated and self-disciplined in order to excel in this course. I realize that

attendance in class is essential to succeeding in this class and I will make every effort to BE IN CLASS EVERY DAY!

No curriculum modifications will be made to slow the pace or limit the level of instruction. My activities will not

hinder my performance in this class and absences due to my activities will not give me an excuse to fall behind and/or

need extra time to complete assignments. I will follow Sonoma Valley High School’s procedures in make-up work for

absences due to activities or illness.

I plan to prepare for the AP Exam throughout the year, and to consider my classmates to be teammates

collaboratively working towards a common goal.

I agree to this accelerated class, am looking for an academic challenge at the highest level, and have an understanding of

the above-listed requirements of this course.

Name (student): ____________________________________ Date: ________

Name (parent/guardian): _____________________________ Date: ________