COST OF ADVANCED DRIVER ASSISTANCE SYSTEMS (ADAS

COST OF ADVANCED DRIVER

ASSISTANCE SYSTEMS (ADAS)

REPAIRS

DECEMBER 2023

NewsRoom.AAA.com

Cost of ADAS Repair – 2023 Update

Examination of the Effects of ADAS Components on the Cost of Vehicle Repair

ABSTRACT

Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) have become more commonplace in vehicles across all price

points. Even newer base models typically contain some form of ADAS, such as automatic emergency

braking.

This work provides perspective on cost associated with repairing current model year vehicles of identical

make and model with ADAS. The 2023 Ford F-150, 2023 Nissan Rogue, and 2023 Toyota Camry are

included within this work. In 2018, the AAA Automotive Engineering team evaluated the 2018 model year

versions of these vehicles for the same purpose as this study; however, it should be noted that results are

not directly comparable due to differences in standard equipment, changes in labor costs, and methodology.

Research Questions and Key Findings:

1. What are the typical cost differences associated with frontal collision repair?

The average cost of replacing ADAS components in a minor front collision repair was $1,540.92, or

13.2% of the average total repair estimate of $11,708.29.

2. What are typical cost differences associated with side mirror repairs?

The average cost of replacing ADAS components in a side mirror replacement was $1,067.42, or 70.8%

of the average total repair estimate of $1,507.55.

3. What are typical cost differences associated with minor rear collision repair?

The average cost of replacing ADAS components in a minor rear collision repair was $684.63, or 40.9%

of the average total repair estimate of $1,698.24.

4. What are typical cost differences associated with windshield replacement?

The average cost of replacing ADAS components with the new windshield and performing the necessary

calibration was $360.00, or 25.4% of the average total repair estimate of $1,439.78.

ADAS parts, labor to remove and replace them, and necessary labor for component aiming and system

calibration represents 37.6% of the averaged costs of the four repair scenarios presented in this report for the

three vehicles evaluated. ADAS component prices vary for several reasons discussed in the report.

 
 
 
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© 2023 American Automobile Association, Inc. 
 
Cost of ADAS Repair – 2023 Update 
Examination of the Effects of ADAS Components on the Cost of Vehicle Repair 
 
CONTENTS 
I.  Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 3 
II.  ADAS Sensors and the Driver Assistance Functions They Support ............................................................ 3 
A. ADAS Sensors ........................................................................................................................................... 3 
1.  Radar Sensors ....................................................................................................................................... 3 
2.  Ultrasonic Sensors ................................................................................................................................. 4 
3.  Camera Sensors .................................................................................................................................... 4 
B. ADAS Functions Supported by ADAS Sensors ........................................................................................ 4 
III.  Terminology and labor rates ......................................................................................................................... 5 
A. Explanation of Labor Times and Rates ..................................................................................................... 5 
B. Source for Repair Estimates ..................................................................................................................... 7 
C. Labor Charges Common to Modern Vehicle Collision Repair .................................................................. 7 
1.  Pre and Post Scan ................................................................................................................................. 7 
2.  Wheel Alignment .................................................................................................................................... 8 
3.  Calibration of ADAS Components and Systems ................................................................................... 8 
IV.  Collision Repair Costs Scenarios ................................................................................................................. 9 
A. Repair Scenario #1: Frontal Collision ....................................................................................................... 9 
1.  Front Radar Sensor ............................................................................................................................... 9 
2.  Front Around View Camera ................................................................................................................. 10 
B. Repair Scenario #2: Side Mirror Replacement ....................................................................................... 10 
C. Repair Scenario #3: Rear Collision ......................................................................................................... 11 
D. Repair Scenario #4: Windshield Replacement ....................................................................................... 11 
V.  Key Findings ................................................................................................................................................ 13 
A. What are typical cost differences associated with frontal collision repair? ............................................ 13 
B. What are typical cost differences associated with side mirror repairs? ................................................. 13 
C. What are typical cost differences associated with minor rear collision repair? ...................................... 14 
D. What are typical cost differences associated with windshield replacement? ......................................... 14 
VI.  References .................................................................................................................................................. 15 
 
   

Cost of ADAS Repair – 2023 Update

Examination of the Effects of ADAS Components on the Cost of Vehicle Repair

I. INTRODUCTION

Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) features have been available for the better part of the past

decade with overall prevalence increasing with each model year. Twenty automobile manufacturers

voluntarily agreed to include automatic emergency braking (AEB) on all cars and light trucks by September

2022. In December 2022, NHTSA (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration) reported that 15 of the 20

automakers that volunteered had equipped 95% of their vehicles with AEB [1]. Additionally, NHTSA released

a proposal of new rule making (NPRM) on May 31, 2023, on strengthening ADAS rules to require automatic

emergency braking on all new passenger cars and light trucks, for it to be effective at speeds up to 62 miles

per hour in avoiding crashes, and to require pedestrian AEB, including requiring that AEB recognize and

avoid pedestrians at night [2].

AAA Automotive Engineering’s research in 2018

evaluated the impact on repair costs from ADAS

components in common repair scenarios using three vehicles each of which contained an entry level trim that

was mostly free of ADAS. However, ADAS is largely ubiquitous on current model year vehicles including

“base models,” which are typically equipped with a host of ADAS features including adaptive cruise control,

collision warning, automatic emergency braking, and lane departure warning, as standard equipment. As a

result, it is not possible to compare the cost of repairing a vehicle with none or few ADAS features to a

vehicle of identical make and model equipped with all available ADAS as was done in 2018. Instead, this

work uses four common repair scenarios to determine the portion of the overall repair cost attributable only to

the ADAS components and related labor.

II. ADAS SENSORS AND THE DRIVER ASSISTANCE FUNCTIONS THEY SUPPORT

A. ADAS Sensors

Three basic types of ADAS sensors are discussed in this report. AAA, as an advocate for automobile

consumers, partnered with the Center for Automotive Research and Michigan Tech to develop material that

explains the strengths, weaknesses, and complementarity of the sensors that enable ADAS systems.

The

implications of cost, sensor robustness to weather and light levels, the range of operations from color

sensitivity to speed detection, resolution, and range are explored in the published report [3].

1. Radar Sensors

Radar sensors (millimeter wave radar sensors) are used to gauge distances to objects in front of, behind,

and in some cases, to the side(s) of vehicles. Radar sensors detect objects at a distance and can provide an

instantaneous and accurate distance to the object. This is vital information used to support ADAS features

including automatic emergency braking, adaptive cruise control, cross-traffic alert, and blind spot monitoring.

Radar sensors continue to function accurately in all lighting conditions, and in poor weather conditions such

as rain or fog.

AAA Newsroom at https://newsroom.aaa.com/2018/10/new-vehicle-technologies-double-repair-bills-minor-collisions/

https://www.mtu.edu/mtri/research/project-areas/transportation/sensors-platforms/benchmarking-sensors/

Cost of ADAS Repair – 2023 Update

Examination of the Effects of ADAS Components on the Cost of Vehicle Repair

2. Ultrasonic Sensors

Ultrasonic sensors (sonar sensors) are used to gauge shorter distances compared to radar. Consumers will

recognize these as the four circles (about the diameter of a nickel) on the rear and sometimes front bumper

covers. Ultrasonic sensors assist with parking the vehicle and avoiding objects in front of, behind, and in

some cases, to the side(s) of vehicles. The information they provide primarily supports ADAS features

including parking assistance (and automated parking). Ultrasonic sensors are inputs to rear view systems,

i.e., the green-yellow-red guidelines superimposed on the driver information screen when reversing the

vehicle. Automated parking and rear view require additional input from camera(s). Ultrasonic sensors

continue to function accurately in all lighting conditions, and poor weather conditions such as rain or fog.

They are sensitive to anything covering the sensor surface, including snow or ice buildup. Ultrasonic sensors

may be used as secondary inputs to blind spot monitoring and adaptive cruise control systems as noted in

this report. Replacement ultrasonic sensors are often ordered pre-painted to match the vehicle color when a

vehicle is still relatively new. This is due to the importance of the paint thickness and composition for the

accuracy of the distance information provided by the sensor.

3. Camera Sensors

The cameras used to support ADAS functions differ from dash cams and other “picture” cameras due to the

high-powered microprocessors and complex algorithms that convert the continuously changing analog image

(what is “seen”) to digital data that is used as critical input to many ADAS systems. These include adaptive

cruise control, collision warning, automatic emergency braking, lane departure warning, lane keeping

assistance, 360° camera views, adaptive lighting that enables automatic high beams, and traffic sign

recognition. Camera sensors are vulnerable to glare from rising or setting sun or other high-intensity light

sources, intense reflections, and any water, ice, dirt or other debris that partially or fully blocks the lens of the

camera sensor. Many consumers will be familiar with a rear-view image that is useless when the rear camera

lens is wet or otherwise occluded. Automotive engineers use a variety of methods to minimize when camera

sensors cannot provide reliable information. This includes the use of rain sensing windshield wiper systems

that clear glass in front of the camera mounted near the rearview mirror. Other camera sensors, including

those mounted behind the front grill, on the rear decklid or tailgate, or made part of the side mirrors or B-pillar

are more susceptible to environmental interference. If a camera sensor cannot provide quality information to

the ADAS or other systems it supports, the affected system will inform the driver that it is not available until

conditions improve. This alert is often communicated by a message on the driver information center or icon in

the instrument panel.

B. ADAS Functions Supported by ADAS Sensors

Auto manufacturers continue to expand the number of driver assistance features and functionalities

supported by a limited number of ADAS sensors. ADAS system development has moved away from one

sensor for one system. The small suite of sensors supports an increasing number of functionalities where the

data transmitted by each sensor is utilized by an increasing number of control units to enable a wide range of

ADAS features. The sensors and functions listed in Figure 1 are not comprehensive for the vehicles

evaluated. This report is not comprehensive to all types of ADAS sensors and functions. Figure 1

summarizes the ADAS functions supported by the ADAS sensors affected in the four repair scenarios used in

this report.

Cost of ADAS Repair – 2023 Update

Examination of the Effects of ADAS Components on the Cost of Vehicle Repair

Figure 1: ADAS functions supported by ADAS sensors Source AAA

Utilization of these three core sensor types by different automakers is mostly uniform. Note that Toyota

makes use of the ultrasonic sensor mounted behind the front grill for adaptive cruise control while Nissan and

Ford do not use this sensor in the 2023 Rogue and F-150, respectively. Similarly, Nissan makes use of the

front radar sensor for traffic sign recognition in addition to input from the camera mounted near the rear-view

mirror, while Ford relies only on the camera near the rear-view mirror for this ADAS feature.

III. TERMINOLOGY AND LABOR RATES

Both mechanical and body repair on automobiles are specialized fields with a plethora of abbreviations and

technical jargon. This section provides an overview of terms and abbreviations commonly used in collision

repair estimates and related service information. Readers familiar with the automotive repair industry can

skip ahead to the section on Collision Repair Costs.

A. Explanation of Labor Times and Rates

Collision repair is estimated and billed using a range of labor rates, which vary according to the type of work

performed, the skill level required, and specialized equipment needed. On a collision repair estimate, labor

Cost of ADAS Repair – 2023 Update

Examination of the Effects of ADAS Components on the Cost of Vehicle Repair

hour amounts are commonly followed by alpha-codes that indicate the expected rate of compensation for

each line item.

Collision repair estimates often denote mechanical components with a small (m) and structural components

with a small (s). If there is no indicator, the component is a body or sheet metal part. This distinction is

associated with the type of service professional that will perform the repair task(s). Parts are lower case;

labor is upper case. Frame, Mechanical, Diagnostic, Electrical, and Glass labor are marked with F, M, D, E,

and G to the right of the labor hours. Miscellaneous operations are noted as taxable or non-taxable, marked

with T or X. This includes wheel alignments and sublets, e.g., when an ADAS calibration is sublet to a

dealership service department. Consumers are most familiar with the hourly labor rate from the service

department they patronize for maintenance and (mechanical) repair, e.g., brake service, engine running

concerns, or water pump replacement. These service departments can be a dealership or an

independent/aftermarket (AM) business. The labor coding for this type of mechanical labor is M.

Labor rates for body, paint, body prep, and mechanical are fairly uniform between AM and dealerships. A

survey of mechanical labor rates (M) in service departments throughout Michigan is summarized in Figure 2.

Due to the convergence of AM and dealership labor rates, they are not separated in this report. A labor

operation to calibrate ADAS components may be sublet to either dealership or AM facilities. The determining

factors are access to the necessary specialized equipment and trained personnel familiar with the

procedure(s). This is most often available at a dealership for the vehicle make but may also be an

accumulation of tools and talent at an aftermarket facility that specializes in ADAS repairs and calibration

procedures. Consumers can generally rely on the practices of a DRF collision repair facility—one that

enables one-stop repair estimating and completion of all repairs for insurance claims—as a guide for where

different aspects of a collision repair are completed. Some ADAS calibrations or aiming procedures may be

done in-house, while others—particularly if they require expensive special equipment or facilities—may be

sublet to a dealership or specialized aftermarket shop.

Figure 2: Dealership vs. Independent/Aftermarket mechanical (M) labor rate comparison Source AAA

Both Independent/Aftermarket and Dealership collision repair centers have labor rates that are lower than

mechanical labor for body shop/collision repair labor operations. This includes sheet metal (m), paint (p), and

paint prep/supply (s) labor. A survey of sheet metal (body) labor rates (M) in collision centers (dealership and

independent/aftermarket) throughout Michigan is summarized in Figure 3.

Cost of ADAS Repair – 2023 Update

Examination of the Effects of ADAS Components on the Cost of Vehicle Repair

Figure 3: Dealership vs. Independent/Aftermarket sheet metal (m) labor rate comparison Source AAA

B. Source for Repair Estimates

Collision repair estimates were prepared for the four hypothetical damage scenarios by professional auto

insurance estimators in two locations: Southern California and Michigan. Both sources used CCC One

estimating software [4], which is used by approximately 80% of automobile insurance and collision repair

facilities.

Labor rates used in calculations for this report are an average of the labor rates used in estimates from the

two sources. The labor rate used for sheet metal (body labor) is $75.00 per hour, and the rate for mechanical

labor is $110.00 per hour.

C. Labor Charges Common to Modern Vehicle Collision Repair

1. Pre and Post Scan

Many auto manufacturers have published statements and guidelines on how repairs are to be done on their

vehicles. If a manufacturer requires a diagnostic scan of the vehicle’s computerized systems before and after

collision repairs, this requirement is included in the initial repair estimate. Automobile insurance estimators

are familiar with these requirements and follow manufacturer’s guidelines in most instances. Position

statements on pre and post repair scans from Nissan, Toyota, and Ford are summarized in Figure 4.

Figure 4: Diagnostic scan requirements for collision repair Source I-CAR. “MYO” model year onward

Cost of ADAS Repair – 2023 Update

Examination of the Effects of ADAS Components on the Cost of Vehicle Repair

Variations in manufacturer statements include Ford/Lincoln defining a collision as, “damage that exceeds

minor outer body panel cosmetic distortion.” Similarly, but open to interpretation from Toyota is, “Repairers

should perform a ‘Health Check’ diagnostic scan since a capable scan tool is the only way to identify and

document DTCs (Diagnostic Trouble Code). It is necessary for repairers perform a ‘Health Check’ diagnostic

scan before and after every repair if a vehicle has sustained damage because of a collision.” These potential

gray areas in manufacturer requirements support working with a professional insurance claim adjuster and

the vehicle owner doing his/her own research where possible. Personal research is not as challenging as it

might sound. An internet search that includes make/model/year of the vehicle along with “ADAS components

damaged in front [substitute for your situation] collision” provides a good start to learning more about the

advanced driver safety systems on your vehicle and the calibration procedures that may be required to bring

the vehicle back to full functionality.

2. Wheel Alignment

Many collisions can cause some type of suspension damage, and that means wheel alignment will be

necessary. For ADAS equipped vehicles, these systems need to know what direction the vehicle is travelling

down the road to accurately make safety corrections and predictions.

Vehicles equipped with ADAS, especially lane keeping assistance and automatic emergency braking, need

to be properly aligned with how the vehicle is traveling down the road. This ensures the vehicle thrust line, an

imaginary centerline drawn lengthwise through the car, points straight down the road when the steering

wheel is centered. ADAS sensors are then calibrated to be in alignment with the vehicle’s thrust line.

Cameras and sensors use different inputs from the vehicle, such as inputs from the steering angle sensor. If

the steering angle sensor is adjusted during a wheel alignment, the forward-facing camera, which controls

the lane departure warning, may think the steering wheel is turned. This can signal the vehicle to correct the

steering to stay on the road, even though the vehicle is traveling between the lines. That leads to a

requirement to calibrate the forward-facing camera, which may include all cameras in a 360° view camera

system.

3. Calibration of ADAS Components and Systems

Almost all ADAS sensors require calibration and some, such as forward-facing radars and cameras mounted

behind the windshield, require extremely precise aiming. A tiny misalignment on the vehicle will aim the

sensor significantly off axis 100 or more feet down the road.

Calibration cannot be ignored. Sensors that are out of alignment generate faulty information that will cause

ADAS to operate improperly or not at all—creating a safety hazard. In addition, out-of-calibration sensors

may cause a warning light or message on the instrument panel or driver information screen and/or set a

diagnostic trouble code (DTC) in the vehicle’s computer memory. This DTC is what the pre-repair scan

checks for, and what is expected to be cleared up when the post-repair scan is done.

ADAS sensor calibration is a precision process that requires specialized information from the vehicle

manufacturer, training, tools, and even physical facilities that can be extremely expensive. Exact procedures

vary with the vehicle and sensor type, but most are both complex and time consuming. While some sensors

can be calibrated in the shop, others require that a vehicle be driven under specific conditions, and many

must undergo both processes.

Cost of ADAS Repair – 2023 Update

Examination of the Effects of ADAS Components on the Cost of Vehicle Repair

IV. COLLISION REPAIR COSTS SCENARIOS

A. Repair Scenario #1: Frontal Collision

Repairs associated with a minor frontal collision were examined. In this scenario, the vehicle has been in a

forward collision that impacted its front bumper/grill. The following ADAS sensors are commonly mounted to

the front bumper or grill and could be damaged in this type of scenario.

• Radar sensors: Longer-range sensors used by automatic emergency braking (AEB) and adaptive

cruise control systems.

• Ultrasonic sensors: Short-range sensors used by parking assistance systems.

• Front cameras: Used for surround-view and parking assistance systems.

For repair cost calculations, it is assumed that these sensors need to be replaced as part of the collision

repair. Once replaced, a calibration procedure is typically required. Repair cost calculations are based on the

manufacturer’s repair procedure for the specific vehicle being examined.

1. Front Radar Sensor

Front radar sensors are about the size of a deck of cards and are typically mounted immediately behind the

vehicle's front grill. The 2023 Ford F-150 uses two front radar sensors (one left and one right) at a part cost

of $392.22 each. The chart below assumes replacement of both front radar sensors with necessary brackets

and mount plates for the F-150 repair scenario. Overall, the cost of calibration is less in 2023. This is

attributable to ADAS calibration becoming more commonplace in the repair industry. Labor times are more

consistent and rely on published times instead of how long a provider requests for the task. Repair costs

attributable to the front radar sensor(s) are detailed in Figure 5.

Figure 5: Front radar sensor replacement and calibration costs Source AAA, CCC, I-CAR

Data from repair estimates revealed an unexpected variation. The cost of the radar sensor for the 2023

Nissan Rogue is $928.82, if the vehicle was assembled in the United States; however, if the vehicle was

assembled in Japan, the cost of the front radar sensor is $1,559.95, an increase of 68% in the cost of the

repair part.

Cost of ADAS Repair – 2023 Update

Examination of the Effects of ADAS Components on the Cost of Vehicle Repair

2. Front Around View Camera

Forward-facing camera sensors are about the size of a walnut and are typically mounted immediately behind

the vehicle's front upper/center grill. Repair costs attributable to the front around view camera are detailed in

Figure 6.

Figure 6: Front around view camera sensor replacement with calibration costs Source CCC and I-Car

B. Repair Scenario #2: Side Mirror Replacement

In this scenario, the vehicle’s side mirror has been knocked off or damaged to the point that it that it must be

replaced. The accident scenario includes damage to the side/rear-facing camera that is part of the ADAS. It

is common for side mirrors to have cameras facing the rear and side of the vehicle that are used by various

ADAS systems, including lane departure warning and lane keeping assistance.

This cost comparison is limited to the ADAS side-view camera, labor to remove and replace (R&R) the

camera in a new mirror housing assembly, and specialized sublet labor to calibrate the camera system,

which may include lane keeping assistance and/or 360° surround view.

Figure 7: Side view camera (mirror mount) replacement and calibration costs Source CCC, I-CAR

The 2023 Ford F-150 truck side-view camera is only available as part of the complete mirror assembly.

Repair estimates from both sources for all three vehicles included specialized sublet labor to perform the

necessary calibration.

Cost of ADAS Repair – 2023 Update

Examination of the Effects of ADAS Components on the Cost of Vehicle Repair

C. Repair Scenario #3: Rear Collision

The repair scenario for ultrasonic sensor replacement is a minor impact to the rear bumper of the vehicle that

resulted in damage to all four ultrasonic sensors. Ultrasonic sensors are used on the front and rear of the

vehicle for parking assistance. When equipped with lane departure warning or lane keeping systems,

additional ultrasonic sensors are fitted to the vehicle's sides. For the 2023 model year, the Nissan Rogue can

have up to 12 ultrasonic sensors, the Toyota Camry eight, and the Ford F-150 ten.

Figure 8: Rear ultrasonic sensor (1) replacement and calibration costs Source CCC and I-CAR

Research returned conflicting information on calibration requirements for ultrasonic sensors. Insurance

professionals stated that calibration is not normally required or included on repair estimates involving

ultrasonic sensors, and that a functional test of operation is typically conducted to confirm repair. I-CAR, a

technical resource for the collision repair and auto insurance industries states that, “No calibration

requirements were found” for the Nissan Rogue. Toyota service information (accessed via Mitchell One)

states that, “If a park sensor is replaced, park sensor calibration is required.” To accomplish the calibration,

the park sensor angle is measured using a special gauge, and the values are input to the Intelligent

Clearance Sonar control module through a scan tool.

D. Repair Scenario #4: Windshield Replacement

The final repair scenario is replacement of the front windshield glass due to stone chip or other damage. On

many vehicles, a front-facing camera will be mounted to the windshield. This repair scenario does not include

the cost of the front facing camera mounted near the rear-view mirror; an accident scenario severe enough to

damage the camera mounted near the rear-view mirror is likely to total the vehicle. These cameras are used

to identify road markings and signs and to identify other vehicles and objects in the roadway ahead. They

may be used by various ADAS systems, including lane keeping assist, traffic sign recognition, and pedestrian

detection, among others.

When the windshield is replaced, the camera must be transferred to the new windshield and requires precise

positioning to function properly. In many cases, original equipment manufacturer (OEM) glass is required (as

opposed to aftermarket) to ensure that it meets the proper specifications. This repair includes the cost of the

replacement windshield and installation, as well as the labor costs to transfer the camera and perform

calibrations as required.

Cost of ADAS Repair – 2023 Update

Examination of the Effects of ADAS Components on the Cost of Vehicle Repair

Windshield replacement is a common repair procedure that has become an industry unto itself. Most repair

facilities, both independent and dealers, sublet windshield replacement to outside specialists who come on-

site and do the job at a predetermined price. ADAS cameras and other components mounted to the inside of

windshields have created challenges for this business model because when a car is equipped with a camera

sensor behind the windshield, the replacement glass must meet strict standards for clarity and freedom from

distortion. Location pins, mounting brackets, and rigorous specifications for the shade pattern (black dots at

top and around perimeter) are part of OEM glass specifications for ADAS applications. A replacement

windshield that has not been designed for use with ADAS is unacceptable and can prevent proper calibration

of the camera sensor.

Many automakers require or strongly suggest OEM glass when replacing the windshield on vehicles with

windshield mounted ADAS cameras. For ADAS applications, some large aftermarket glass installers have

sourced windshields from automakers or their original equipment manufacturers. The windshield installer is

responsible for ensuring that the replacement glass does not interfere with ADAS operation on the vehicle.

Figure 9: Windshield replacement costs specific to ADAS components Source CCC and I-CAR

Manufacturer specific statements regarding windshield replacement for the 2023 model vehicles included in

this research are summarized below.

a) Nissan Rogue

• Do not remove the lane camera unit bracket and the cover bracket from windshield glass. The lane

camera unit bracket and the cover bracket must be replaced together with windshield glass as an

assembly.

b) Toyota Camry

• Toyota states that systems that could be affected if Toyota genuine parts are not used are the lane

departure alert system, forward recognition camera system, dynamic radar cruise control system, pre-

collision system or automatic high beam system. If an aftermarket glass is installed, there is the

possibility that the black ceramic border may not allow the camera to see through it properly. In

addition, the aftermarket glass may be missing the brackets necessary for mounting the camera.

• Many of the newer models are now equipped with a forward recognition camera, which is part of the

adaptive cruise system. When the windshield is replaced, the camera unit will need to be calibrated.

Cost of ADAS Repair – 2023 Update

Examination of the Effects of ADAS Components on the Cost of Vehicle Repair

c) Ford F-150

• The original glass used on Ford Motor Company vehicles is designed and built to provide optimum fit,

function, safety, and structural integrity. The quality, performance, and safety of aftermarket

replacement windshield and side glass may not meet Ford Motor Company’s exacting specifications

and can result in key safety features not functioning properly and reduced customer satisfaction in the

performance of their vehicle. For these reasons, Ford Motor Company does not approve the use of

aftermarket windshield or side replacement glass. Only by using Ford Original Equipment Carlite

replacement glass can you be assured of the fit, function, safety, and structural integrity of the repair.

• Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) such as Lane-Keeping, Pre-Collision Assist with

Automatic Braking, Evasive Steering Assist, and Auto High-Beam Headlamps use images from a

camera mounted to the windshield. Windshields equipped with cameras have integrated camera

brackets that allow for precise attachment and positioning of the camera and are designed to have

optical quality that is compatible with the camera. Aftermarket windshields cannot duplicate the

precise location of the camera attachment brackets and often contain distortion that adversely affects

the camera's operation, which can result in improper ADAS system operation.

V. KEY FINDINGS

Primary research questions and findings:

A. What are typical cost differences associated with frontal collision repair?

The cost of front collision repairs that is attributable to ADAS components averages 13.2% of the total repair

cost for the three 2023 model vehicles evaluated.

The average cost of replacing ADAS components in a minor front collision repair was $1,540.92, or 13.2% of

the average total repair estimate of $11,708.29.

Figure 10: Front impact scenario: ADAS % of total repair cost Source AAA

B. What are typical cost differences associated with side mirror repairs?

The cost of side mirror repairs (replacement) that is attributable to ADAS components averages 70.8% of the

total repair cost for the three 2023 model vehicles evaluated.

The average cost of replacing ADAS components in a side mirror replacement was $1,067.42, or 70.8% of

the average total repair estimate of $1,507.55.

Cost of ADAS Repair – 2023 Update

Examination of the Effects of ADAS Components on the Cost of Vehicle Repair

Figure 11: Side mirror damage scenario: ADAS % of total repair cost Source AAA

C. What are typical cost differences associated with minor rear collision repair?

The cost of minor rear collision repair that is attributable to ADAS components averages 40.9% of the total

repair cost for the three 2023 model vehicles evaluated.

The average cost of replacing ADAS components in a minor rear collision repair was $684.63, or 40.9% of

the average total repair estimate of $1,698.24.

Figure 12: Rear impact scenario: ADAS % of total repair cost Source AAA

D. What are typical cost differences associated with windshield replacement?

The cost of windshield glass replacement that is attributable to ADAS components averages 25.4% of the

total repair cost for the three 2023 model vehicles evaluated.

The average cost of relocating ADAS components to the replacement windshield and performing the

necessary calibration was $360.00, or 25.4% of the average total repair estimate of $1,439.78.

Figure 13: Windshield replacement scenario: ADAS % of total repair cost Source AAA

Cost of ADAS Repair – 2023 Update

Examination of the Effects of ADAS Components on the Cost of Vehicle Repair

VI. REFERENCES

[1]

D. Shepardson, "US proposes requiring automatic emergency braking in new vehicles," Reuters, 31 05

2023. [Online]. Available: https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/us-proposes-

requiring-automatic-emergency-braking-new-vehicles-2023-05-31/. [Accessed 09 10 2023].

[2]

NHTSA.gov, "AEB-NPRM-Web-...n-05-31-2023," 31 05 2023. [Online]. Available:

https://www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.gov/files/2023-05/AEB-NPRM-Web-Version-05-31-2023.pdf.

[Accessed 09 10 2023].

[3]

Michigan Tech Research Institute (MTRI), "Benchmarking Sensors for Vehicle Computer Vision

Systems," [Online]. Available: https://www.mtu.edu/mtri/research/project-

areas/transportation/sensors-platforms/benchmarking-sensors/. [Accessed 09 10 2023].

[4]

CCC, "CCC One: Estimating," [Online]. Available: https://cccis.com/collision-repairers/ccc-

one/estimating/#:~:text=CCC%20ONE%C2%AE%20Estimating%20%2D%20IQ,on%20photos

%20of%20vehicle%20damage.. [Accessed 8 10 2023].

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Cost of ADAS Repair – 2023 Update

Examination of the Effects of ADAS Components on the Cost of Vehicle Repair